The effect of bio-fertilizers and a super-absorbent on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) under water-deficit conditions

The effect of bio-fertilizers and super-absorbents on the modification water-deficit stress was studied in castor. A field experiment conducted with a split-plot design based completely randomized block three replications. first factor included four levels (70, 100, 130, 160 mm evaporation pan Class) main plot; sub-factor application bio-fertilizer treatments (Azospirillum, Citrobacter, Azospirillum + control); superabsorbent at two (superabsorbent consumption control) as factorial placed sub-plots. With intensification from 70 to evaporation, number seeds per plant, 1,000-kernel weight, oil percentage significantly dropped. All increased grains, 1,000 kernel compared control. Citrobacter all irrigation content photosynthetic pigments, grin yield, yield proline decreased catalase activity malondialdehyde content. super-absorbent under condition raised chlorophyll b, soluble sugar, grain control treatment. Among combinations treatments, highest pigments’ content, lowest enzyme belonged consumption. However, maximum sugars minimum superabsorbent.